3.1  The Bloodshed Struggle

Presentation

The bloody struggle began since the Portuguese occupied Malacca in 1511 until the beginning of the 20th century. The people fought the colonists by using arms. It occurred in every state due to the colonist's action that imposed excessive tax rates, violated Malay customs and religions of the local population, restricted the higher official's source of income from taxes and oppressed the people. For an instance, in Pahang, Tok Gajah and Dato' Bahaman launched a holy war when the British resident introduced the post of tax collector and magistrate. Another example is the struggle of Tok Janggut in Kelantan when the British imposed taxes on the local people.