9.3 The Type of Jihad


There are several types of jihad in Islam that are jihad of the nafs (desire), heart, tongue, knowledge, wealth/property, body/energy and life. The level of iman will determine whether a Muslim is able to do those types of jihad or not.

a. Jihad of the nafs (desire)
The desire more inclines towards influencing us to do evils (mungkar and ma'siah). Thus, the desire
must be controlled. How to control it? The Prophet SAW said, through jihad. In fact, according to the
Prophet SAW, jihad to fight the desire is considered as the biggest jihad compared to jihad by using
arms in a war against the enemy of Islam. In a hadith, after coming back from the Battle of Badr,
Rasulullah SAW was reported to say: "We come back from a small jihad and will face a bigger jihad.
His companions (friends) asked: "Is there a bigger jihad than this (the Battle of Badr),
Ya Rasulullah?". Rasulullah SAW said: "Yes, it is the jihad against the nafs".
b. Jihad of the Heart
Can you explain jihad through the heart? How can you do jihad through your heart? Sometimes, our
heart desires for something bad but with strong iman, we can still prevent ourselves from doing it. For
example, when we switch on television, there two programs running; one a religious program and
another one is program on music on different channels. Which one will you choose? Here, the...

9.3 The Type of Jihad


...jihad of the heart is needed. Without jihad, we will choose the program on music. Another example is
to advise a group of men gambling. In our heart, we want to stop them from gambling buy we are afraid
that the men might bit us. Thus, we are not able to tell them by tongue but depth in our heart, we hate
the behavior of the men as it is forbidden by Islam. In this case, we have done jihad of the heart but it
shows the lowest level (weakest) of iman. This based on a hadith narrated by Abu said al-Khudri:
"Whosoever amongst you who have seen evil deeds, should change it using your own hands, if you
are unable to do so, correct it using the tongue (verbally), and if you still cannot do that, then change
it with your heart. That indeed is the weakest of faith"
c. Jihad of the Tongue
Jihad of the tongue is higher than of the heart based on the hadith above. If you try to explain
something that is good or calling people to do ma'ruf things or verbally forbids other people from doing
mungkar or ma'siah to Allah SWT or you preach Islam to non-Muslims, all those actions are jihad of
the tongue. Doing those actions is not an easy tasks and many obstacles because the people might
not like or hate what you are saying. To do such actions, we need strong iman as our strength. Is it
right?

9.3 The Type of Jihad


d. Jihad of Knowledge
There is also jihad of knowledge in terms of seeking knowledge, practicing the knowledge and
delivering the knowledge. Without jihad, no one will be having a steadfast heart to seek knowledge,
then to practice it and to deliver it to others. The effort of Imam al-Syafei' to travel from his place to Iraq
that takes more than one month by riding a camel just to look for authentic hadith was due to the spirit
of jihad that he had without which he would not do that. How many ulama' out there who have
knowledge about the authentic hadith and know that there are some practices of Muslim society
contradicting the authentic hadith are able to tell the people that those practices are not in line with
Islam? Thus, the spirit of jihad is highly needed to enable us performing those three elements of jihad
of knowledge.
e. Jihad of the Wealth
This type of jihad refers to our willingness or voluntary action to spend our wealth for religion, either for
our benefits or others. How many people out there are very stingy to give financial sadaqah? The
worse of Muslims are those who refuse to pay obligatory almsgiving (zakah) imposed by Islam. Have
you spent half of your wealth for Islam? For example, you spend of your wealth to support Muslims
missionaries to preach Islam to non-Muslims. Can you do that? Can you do the same as...

9.3 The Type of Jihad


...Sayyidina Umar al-Khattab who contributed half of his wealth for the Battle of Tabuk? Or can you do
as Sayyidina Abu Bakr who spent all his wealth for the battle? It is not an easy task right? To take
some of our wealth or fortune to defend Islam or to help others is not easy. It can be done through jihad.
Thus, once again, our ability to do this type of jihad also depends on our level of iman.
f. Jihad of the Body (energy)
This jihad refers to the use of our body or energy to perform Allah's Wills or Islamic teachings. There
are many examples of this jihad. Performing the five daily prayers, fasting, zakah al-fitrah, pilgrimage
(hajj), use our hands to stop ma'siah and so on are among the examples of this type of jihad.
Performing the hajj for example, is not easy because one has to leave his family and need to spend
might be half of his wealth to go Makkah. Try look back to the past how difficult Muslims to go Makkah
at the time there was airplane yet invented. When ship was invented, Muslims from Malaysia had to
spend almost four months sailing on the sea just to perform the hajj. There was a Muslim Russian in
2008, age more than 60 years old, rode his bicycle from Russia to Makkah which took him more than
five months just to perform hajj. Do you think all these can be done without jihad? Off course, it needs
jihad. Another example of this jihad is fighting in war using weapons to defend Islam. This fighting, off
course, requires energy and the use of our body.

9.3 The Type of Jihad


g. Jihad of the Life
This jihad is applicable in certain circumstances. For example, at the time there is threat from enemies
of Islam to destroy a holy place of Islam such as Ka'bah, scarifying our life is needed because the
Ka'bah is the symbol of sanctity of Islam. Another example, there is threat by the enemies to destroy an
Islamic country, all citizens must sacrifice themselves to defend the country. This type of jihad had been
demonstrated by the first generation of Muslims in the past, in the history of Prophet Muhammad SAW.