6.4 Ethiopia


Ethiopia, officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of ‎Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa, and is the most ‎populous landlocked country in the world. It is bordered by Eritrea to ‎the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan ‎to the west, and Kenya to the south. According to the latest 2007 national census, Islam is the second-most ‎widely practiced religion in Ethiopia after Christianity, with over 25 ‎million (or 34%) of Ethiopians adhering to Islam according to the ‎‎2007 national census, having arrived in Ethiopia in 615. Islam is the ‎religion of the overwhelming majority of the Somali, Afar, Argobba ‎and Harari, and the largest group of the Oromo peoples of Ethiopia ‎according to the 1994 national census.

Key Temporary Issues in Ethiopia
Discrimination against Muslims
The Ethiopian Muslim community is the third largest Muslim ‎community in Africa. However, due to various factors, they are a ‎social minority in the country despite their great number and being the ‎first community to accept Islam even before a majority of the people ‎in Makkah. Ethiopian Muslims have not been active participants in ‎the affairs of the country until very recently.‎They were systematically excluded from education. When modern ‎education was started in Ethiopia at the beginning of the 20th century ‎the minister of education was the Pope. Students were expected to ‎learn Christianity together with the academic subjects. Therefore, ‎Muslims never tried to send their children to modern schools lest their ‎children changed their identity and religion.

6.4 Ethiopia


Misrepresentation of Muslims
Ethiopian Premier Meles Zenawi has inflamed tensions with ‎Ethiopian Muslims over his increased interference in their religious ‎affairs, a violation of the Ethiopian Constitution. International media and Islamophobic sites and blogs have been ‎painting the protests in Ethiopia as the product of "radical Islam," ‎with such titles as "Muslim Protests Raise Fear of Radical Islam", ‎whereas the situation is far different. Ethiopian Muslims want basic ‎rights and desire not to be treated as "terrorists."‎