2.5 Factors influencing the teaching and learning processes
      according to Imam Al-Ghazzali, Ibn Jama'h and Azzarnuji

Early Islamic educators asserted that successful learning depends on:

The readiness of the learners.

Their interest.

Their motivation to learn.

The Islamic perspective of the factors influencing the teaching and learning processes can be clearly noted in the views of Imam Al-Ghazzali, Ibn Jama'h and Azzarnuji.

5.1 Imam Al-Ghazzali

Al-Ghazali's works explains that the heart is also a mirror that reflects all people's knowledge. Although the human heart is capable of knowing the realities, Al-Ghazzali believed that the heart might be devoid of knowledge and make the intellect unable to reflect an accurate image due to various obstacles, including:

The natural immaturity of one's intellect (e.g., the hearts of young children).

The invisibility of the reflection due to the residue of sins attributable to greed, passion, and immoral desires

accumulated on its surface (in the intellect) after doing bad deeds, worldly distractions may impede one's ability to see the reflection (turn one away from God).

Ignorance of the direction to be followed in order to get to the truth.

2.5 Factors influencing the teaching and learning processes
      according to Imam Al-Ghazzali, Ibn Jama'h and Azzarnuji

Many of Al-Ghazzali's works offered examples of how the mind can be conditioned to accept and respond to inputs, such as when a person has been bitten by a snake, he then fears any rope that might look like a snake. Thus, he explains how one's imagination, perceptions, and habits can affect the human mind and create their own obstacles to learning.

5.2 Ibn Jama'h

In his approach to the techniques of learning and teaching, Ibn Jama'h considered several important factors which influence the effectiveness and the success of the process. He paid more attention to the religious and psychological dimensions of the students and teachers.
Furthermore, the methodology of education should consider:

The needs.

Interests.

Aptitude

Inclination of the pupils.

According to Ibn Jama'h, methodology should give a chance for the progress of the intellectual power of the student. Ibn Jama'h introduced his methodology by indicating the values of learning and teaching activities, especially from a religious perspective.

2.5 Factors influencing the teaching and learning processes
      according to Imam Al-Ghazzali, Ibn Jama'h and Azzarnuji

He also viewed that attention should be paid to the stability of the relationship between the teacher and the student, because instability will only hinder the process of learning.
Ibn Jama'h particularly emphasized that proper motives were needed for success in the learning and teaching process. In fact, this is indicative of the Islamic teaching that every deed is judged according to its motive.
In summary, the central feature of Ibn Jamah's ideas of knowledge is the priority in using the Quran and Prophetic traditions as the two main sources of pedagogy, and the motivation to study all knowledge stemming from these two sources.

5.3 Azzarnuji.

As for Burhan ad-Din/al-Islam Azzarnuji, he emphasized importance of the good learning environment relying on the Prophet's words about the parents' role in shaping a child's character and developing his qualities.
He was also aware that learning cannot be acquired only by mechanical aids, or by rules and regulations that do not reflect the drive, aspirations and feelings of the student himself, i.e. without internal motivation. He viewed that the teacher must get to know the student in order to give the best educational guidance, and that teaching children is different from adult education.
Azzarnuji stressed the importance of "educational values". Getting his inspiration from the Qur'an and considering its value in successful education, Azzarnuji asserted that thinking is the source and the motivator of achievement. Azzarnuji explained that the teaching methods differ according to the subject, teacher and the place of teaching. He asserted that the motivation of the student, his readiness to absorb new material is another reason to choose one or another method, and the teacher must get to know the student in order to give the best educational guidance.