1.1 Overview of Information System
Information system is an arrangement of people, data, processes, communications, and information technology that interact to support and improve day-to-day operations in a business, as well as support the problem-solving and decision-making needs of management and users (Bentley et. al., 2007). Systems analysis deals with analysis of sets entities, the systems, and the interactions within those systems. Systems design deals with a process of defining the architecture, components, data, input and output and interfaces for a system to satisfy specified requirements based on system analysis phase. Information system analysis and design also known as, an organizational improvement process. In any organizational, systems are built and rebuilt for organizational benefits; either for a short term or long term benefits.
Today, the trend of information system is to incorporate the Internet, especially the World Wide Web, into organization's way of doing business. The way of doing business has changed from traditional way to web-based information system. The trend of information system has been used are also changed, from standalone system to a web-based information system. Many of us are familiar with web-based information system; online ticketing booking such as AirAsia.com and Malaysia airlines system.
1.1 Overview of Information System
TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Different types of organization's needs may require different types of information system. Figure 1-1 shows five main classes of information systems that have been classified according to the functions they serve Sovereignty of Allah SWT
1.1 Overview of Information System
Transaction Processing System
Transaction processing system (TPS) automates the handling of data about business transactions such as orders and purchasing, timecards, payments and reservations. TPS collect, store, modify, and retrieve the transactions or business process of an organization. A business transaction is an event that generates or modifies data in an organization that is eventually stored in an information system. Report may be produced to provide transaction summaries, and transactions may be moved from one process to another process in order to complete the business activity. By implementing TPS in an organization, it may help them to increase the transaction processing by speeding it up, using less people, improving accuracy and easy to integrate with other information system.
Management Information System
Management information system (MIS), also known as information management and system used by manager to solve their business problems. MIS uses the transaction data to produce information needed by manager to run the business. It uses data taken from TPS in order to solve the business process such as costing a new product and purchasing material. MIS collect, process, store and disseminate data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management.
1.1 Overview of Information System
Decision Support System
Decision support system (DSS) is an information system which include a knowledge-based systems to support decision making activities. DSS does not make a decision but it's more to assist user in making a decision. A decision is a choice exists between alternatives based on estimates of the values of those alternatives. DSS will support decision maker in making a decision in an interactive information system environment. It utilizes data, provides an easy-to-use interface, and allows for the decision maker's own insights.
Executive Information System
Executive information system(EIS) is one type of DSS. It is planned to facilitate and support the information and decision making needs of senior executives. It's done by providing easy access to both internal and external information relevant to meeting the strategic goals of the organization. The prominence of EIS is on attractive and easy-to-use user interfaces. Typically, EIS is an enterprise-wide decision support system since it helps help top-level executives to analyze, compare, and highlight trends in important variables. This types of information so that they can monitor performance and identify opportunities and problems within organization.
1.1 Overview of Information System
