Terminology

Bus topology	Consists of a main run cable (called bus or backbone) acts as a backbone to link
	all the devices in a network
Connection	requires a logical connection to be established between two devices before
oriented protocol	transferring data
protocol
Connectionless	Does not establish a connection between devices
protocol
Encapsulation	The process of adding header to the data as it passes through the
	layered model.
End device	Refers to a device that is either the sender or the receiver of a message on a network
End user	A person or group using an end device
Decapsulation	The process of removing the extra information from the received data and
	sending only the original application data up to the destination application layer
Gateway	A network device that acts as an entrance to another network
Host	End device

Terminology

Internet protocol	Method by which information is sent between any two computers on the Internet
(IP)
IP address	Consists of four bytes (32 bits) that uniquely identify all computers on the
	public Internet
Media Access	Six bytes (48 bits) that manufacturers of network adapters burn into their products
Control (MAC)	to uniquely identify the device
address
Mesh topology	Every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every other device
Network address	A unique identifier for a computer on a network
Network interface	Provides the physical connection to the network at the end device
card (NIC)
Protocol	A sequence of rules that govern data communications
Protocol data	The generic term for data at each level of the layered model
unit (PDU)

Terminology

Protocol suite	A set of protocols that work together to ensure successful network communication
Router	A device that helps direct messages between networks
Ring topology	Devices are connected on a single circle of link
Star topology	Each device has a dedicated point-to-point link only to a central controller,
	such as hub or switch
Switch	A device that joins multiple computers together within one LAN. Technically,
	network switches operate at layer two (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model
Transmission	Set of rules (protocol) used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in
Control)	the form of message units between computers over the Internet or private networks
Protocol (TCP
Transmission	The basic communication language or protocol of the Internet or private networks
Control
Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)