Conclusion

Management is a science of managing things and keeping them at their best normal level. Manage is to put an activity into a direction so it could be able to be active and stable for long.

Management sciences are not new. Their concept emerged in ancient days. In the old times, people use to act like managers to manage of activities.

In the 18th century, Adam Smith came up with the management phenomenon.

Later in 20th century, management sciences ameliorated at a fast pace. It added human resources, finance, marketing and many other fields into it. Then it was a colossal group to work within the limits of vast fields.

Management worked in various sectors. It is still playing a vital role in improvement of various tasks. It has the same role of managing things/activities in all sorts of modes.

In 21st century, public administration and public management added to it. Now, it is wider than ever before. It is still under the process of development.

Beginning with the scientific management, on finding the best method to a job, to the contingency approach, on applying the best approach according to a particular situation, we can now proceed to learning in the following chapters how these approaches have influenced the current management practices.