| No | Demand | Quantity of good or service a consumer is willing and able to buy at a given price at given time. |
| 1 | Supply | Quantity of good or service a producer is willing and able to offer for sell at a given price at given time. |
| 2 | Indirect taxes | Payment levied on consumers. |
| 3 | Subsidy | Refers to a lowering of good's price with a view to changing the consumption or allocation decisions in favour of the subsidized goods. |
| 4 | Price Control | A price control is an artificial process of setting ceiling upon a product to determine what the maximum price can be. |